Short wave generator



Feb. 6, 1940. HELBK; 2,189,501

SHORT WAVE GENERATOR Filed Oct. 1, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.7 Fig.2

Feb. 6, 1940.

A. HELBIG SHORT WAVE GENERATOR Filed 001:. l, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 6, 1940.

"PATENT OFFICE SHORT WAVE GENERATOR Adolf Helbig, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Electricitatsgesellschaft Sanitas, G. m. b. 11., Berlin, Germany,a.corporation of Germany Application October 1, 1937, Serial No. 166,776

' In Germany September 4,1935

This invention relates to ultra short wave generators and more particularly ,to those of the magnetic field valve type, in which a magnetic field acts perpendicularly to the electron path between a heating filament and an anode.

In order to make such generators suitable for therapeutic uses, it is necessary in the first place to increase the output or power. But heretofore, where .a definite ratio between the magnetic field and the anode potential, that is to say the electrostatic field acting upon the electrons exists, the electrons emanating from the heating filament, after they have travelled a certain distance, fail to reach and impinge upon the anode and fall back upon said heating filament, thus heating the latter still more by the production of more electrons, so that the flow of electrons continuously increases which results in the destruction of the heating filament and consequently of the valve.

The present invention aims to overcome these objections and in accordance with the invention therefore the cathode is located outside of the anode field. Furthermore, in accordance with my invention the anode will preferably be hollow, the interior space being preferably circular in cross section. Exteriorly the anode will preferably be cylindrical or rectangular or of any other suitable shape. The hollow anode will preferably consist of two or more coaxial parts, such as two or more coaxial segments or annular members. In the latter case, said annular members will be spaced coaxially adjacent each other and there will preferably be two or a multiple of two of said members.

By locating the cathode outside of the anode field and preferably at one end of said hollow anode, the electrons released or emanating from said cathode will be drawn obliquely into said hollow anode by the electrostatic field and under the action of both fields will be caused to follow a twisted or winding path within said anode until they impinge thereon. A return of electrons to the heating filament is thus excluded.

The invention and its aims and objects will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of two embodiments of the invention herein given for illustrative purposes, the true scope of the invention being more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly diagrammatic of one illustrative embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the illustrative embodiment shown in Fig. 1; I

Fig. 1A is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing an anode assembly provided with means for cooling it; and

Fig. 1B is a side view of Fig. 1A and further showing a control electrode between the anode and cathode.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a hollow anode is shown consisting of a cylinder comprising preferably a plurality of segments, herein 4, designated by the reference numerals l and 2. Each two opposed segments are connected to the same lead or conductor 3 or 4 of an oscillatory circuit,

more particularly a Lecher system (not shown) of any suitable conventional construction. Thus, the two segments I may be connected to the conductor 3 and the two segments 2 to the conductor 4. An incandescent cathode 5 herein in form said cylinder, might have upon the heating filament.

Said anode and cathode are suitably supported within an hermetically sealed glass envelope 1,-

which may be evacuated to any degree or filled with a suitable gas at desired low pressure, to

enable electronic discharge to occur between said anode and cathode.

Means are preferably provided to prevent electrons emanating from said heating filament from impinging upon the wall of said envelope 1, said means herein conveniently comprising disks 8 provided at either end of said cylinder and connected to the conductors 6 of said heating filament, to reflect any electrons from impinging upon said envelope. The disk 8 adjacent the cathode is'omitted from Fig. 2 more clearly to show the parts behind it.

Referring to Figs. 1A and 1B, the anode segments I and 2' are shown as being hollow and connected to pipes 3' and 4', respectively, forming a part of a cooling system through which a fluid medium may circulate. These pipes also constitute the conductive leads to the anode. It will be noted that the fluid circuits between the anode segments I, l' and 2', 2' are completed by yokes or U-shaped tubes 3:1: and 43: respectively. In Fig.

and the cathode 5' and it has a lead wire I3. This control electrode is omitted from Fig. 1A for the sake of clearness. Otherwise, the structure in Figs. 1A and 1B is the same as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The control electrode may be employed in the form of the generator shown in Fig. 1.

Any suitable means may be used to apply a magnetic field acting axially of said anode; in Figs. 1 and 2 a suitable magnet, energizable from any suitable source of energy (not shown) is diagrammatically indicated at M for this purpose.

I am aware that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and I therefore desire the present embodiment of the invention to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being had to the appended claims rather than to the above description to indicate the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A magnetic field valve for generating ultra short waves comprising, a hollow anode of generally cylindrical shape composed of segments; leads connected to said segments; a cathode situated opposite an end of said anode ouside the latter; and means for generating a magnetic field axially of said anode.

2. A magnetic field valve for generating ultra short waves comprising, a hollow anode composed of an even number of segments; leads for said segments, alternate segments being connected to the same lead; a cathode situated outside the anode opposite an end of said anode; and means for generating a magnetic field axially of said anode.

3. A magnetic field valve for generating ultra short waves comprising, a hollow open ended anode; a cathode situated outside the anode opposite the open end of said anode, said cathode comprising a bifilar spiral; and means for generating a magnetic field axially of said anode.

4. A magnetic field valve for generating ultra short waves comprising a hollow open-ended anode; a cathode situated outside the anode opposite an open end of said anode; a control electrode mounted between said anode and said cathode; and means for generating a magnetic field axially of said anode.

5. A magnetic field valve for generating ultra short waves comprising an anode composed of hollow fiuid cooling segments and having an interior electron receiving surface circular in cross section; leads for said anode segments formed as pipes to supply cooling fiuid to circulate therethrough; a cathode mounted beyond an end of the anode; and means for generating a magnetic field axially of said anode.

ADOLF HELBIG. 

